Host-seeking behavior of the Heterorhabditis amazonensis nematode in response to stimulant sources1

  • Andaló V
  • Moreira G
  • Moino Junior A
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Several species of entomopathogenic nematodes have different host-seeking methods, and could be considered as "ambusher" or "cruiser". These differences may depend on how the nematodes detect the volatile signals used as cues for foraging. This study aimed to evaluate the locomotor response of Heterorhabditis amazonensis RSC5 to the compounds from root exudates of different plants, as well as to stimulants produced by the presence of insects or to the feeding activity of insects on plants. Arenas with agar-water substrates, containing root exudates from corn, bean, soybean, cucumber, garlic and tomato seedlings, were assembled to determine the substrates possibly preferred by H. amazonensis.Arenas with sand were also constructed to include, besides the seedling root exudates, treatments containing Spodoptera frugiperda, garlic seedlings and S. frugiperda feeding on garlic seedlings. The H. amazonensis species was attracted to the volatile chemicals emitted by all the root exudates tested, especially the exudate from garlic seedlings. However, it showed the greatest attraction to the combination of garlic seedlings and S. frugiperda, indicating that the search of H. amazonensis for its host is enhanced by the association between the insect and the volatile chemical compounds produced by plants, when attacked by insects.RESUMO Muitas espécies de nematoides entomopatogênicos apresentam diferenças no modo de busca pelo seu hospedeiro, podendo ser consideradas como "ambusher" ou "cruiser". Essas diferenças podem depender de como esses nematoides detectam os sinais voláteis utilizados como dicas para o forrageamento. Objetivou-se avaliar a resposta locomotora de Heterorhabditis amazonensis RSC5 à liberação de compostos provenientes de exsudatos radiculares de diferentes plantas, ao estímulo produzido pela presença do inseto ou à atividade alimentar do inseto na planta. Foram montadas arenas com substrato ágar-água, contendo exsudatos radiculares de plântulas de milho, feijoeiro, soja, pepino, alho e tomateiro, para verificação de possível escolha por H. amazonensis, bem como em areia contendo, além do exsudato radicular das plântulas, tratamentos com Spodoptera frugiperda, plântula de alho e plântula de alho juntamente com S. frugiperda. A espécie H. amazonensis foi atraída pelas substâncias químicas voláteis emitidas por todos os exsudatos radiculares testados, principalmente aquele obtido da plântula de alho. No entanto, a maior atração ocorreu quando exposta ao tratamento com plântula de alho associada a S. frugiperda, o que evidencia que H. amazonensis se beneficia da associação entre a presença do inseto e os compostos químicos voláteis produzidos pela planta, quando atacada por ele.

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APA

Andaló, V., Moreira, G. F., & Moino Junior, A. (2017). Host-seeking behavior of the Heterorhabditis amazonensis nematode in response to stimulant sources1. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 47(3), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4745395

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