Systemic arterial hypertension and metabolic profile: a systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the difficulty in diagnosing SAH in the early stages, the rapid detection and management of SAH are essential in preventing the development of target organ injuries. Newer technologies such as metabolomics have been revealed as promising alternatives for SAH diagnoses. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate, through a systematic review, the metabolomic profile of individuals with and without SAH. Methods: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines on reporting items. It analyses articles selected from the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases that compares metabolites in a hypertensive group with a non-hypertensive group. Results: The differences that reached statistical significance were a higher prevalence of lipids and lactic acid in the hypertensive group, as well as a reduction in methionine. Conclusion: Future research should be conducted to establish a possible clinical implication to this metabolite alteration, by linking it to a potential target organ injury for SAH, such as atherosclerosis, renal failure, retinopathy our ventricular hypertrophy.