Design and development desalination procedure to sea water using renewable sources

Abstract

The current problem the whole world is facing is the lack of availability of fresh water. The level of ground water is decreasing day by day and there are certain preventive measures taken to prevent this. But this method is not highly efficient. While the concept of water stress is relatively new, it is the difficulty of obtaining sources of fresh water for use during a period of time and may result in further depletion and deterioration of available water resources. Water shortages may be caused by climate change, such as altered weather patterns including droughts or floods, increased pollution, and increasing human demand and overuse of water. A water crisis is a situation where the available portable, unpolluted water within a region is less than that regions demand. Water scarcity is being driven by two phenomena that is growing fresh water use and depletion of usable freshwater resources. Water scarcity can be result of two mechanisms, physical and economic. Where physical water scarcity is a result of inadequate natural water resources to supply a regions demand, and economic water scarcity is a result of poor management of the sufficient available water resources. The proposed system plans to reduce the water scarcity situation by depending on the sea water. The whole world, 97% of the earth is covered with sea water. This can be used a medium rather than depleting the fresh water available. Though the sea water cannot be used directly for specific applications like irrigation, human consumption, etc. The sea water has to undergo desalination process. The proposed system consists of distillation and reverse osmosis as a back to back process so that the treated water can be used for agriculture and drinking activities respectively. The system uses solar-wind energy as a source of supply as it is available abundantly throughout the day. This system will be mobile and standalone unit which can be moved at any point of time to any given location.