Occupational health of endoscope sterilization workers in medical institutions in Osaka Prefecture

Abstract

To clarify the actual condition of endoscope sterilization work and the adverse health effects of disinfectants on personnel, a questionnaire was sent to 173 medical institutions in Osaka Prefecture. Glutaraldehyde (GA), ortho-phtalaldehyde (OPA), and hyperacetic acid were used as disinfectants of endoscopes by 55.5%, 32.4%, and 8.7% of the medical institutions respectively. The kind of disinfectant used had been changed in 57.8% of these institutions during the past five years, and it was confirmed that the use of substitutes for GA, such as OPA and hyperacetic acid, has increased. Personnel in 35.8% of the institutions complained about symptoms during sterilization work. The kind of disinfectant being used when they complained was GA in many cases and OPA in others. A general ventilation system has now been installed in 72.3% of the institutions; local exhaust systems have been installed in fewer, only 23.4%. Protective gloves were used at about half of the institutions, but protective masks and glasses were seldom used. This study shows that the occupational health problems of endoscope sterilization work have not been resolved. Consequently, it is necessary to promote the installation of ventilation systems and the use of protective devices in all institutions. Health education in regard to the handling of disinfectants is also necessary. Because little information is available about the toxic effects of OPA and hyperacetic acid, epidemiological studies must be conducted to clarify the human health effect of these disinfectants.