Efficacy of Family-based Interventions in Addressing Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review on Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract

Purpose of the Review: Substance use disorders (SUDs) persist as a critical public health concern across the globe, affecting individuals, families, and communities across diverse sociocultural contexts. Among various intervention strategies, family-based interventions have emerged as essential components in the holistic management and treatment of SUDs. This study systematically reviews the scientific literature published between 2012 and 2024 to evaluate the efficacy of family-based interventions in mitigating substance use and enhancing family functioning. Collection and Analysis of Data: Three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched using a predefined strategy focused on the terms “SUD” and “family-based intervention.” Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving individuals with SUDs that implemented family-based interventions aimed at reducing substance use and required the participation of at least one immediate family member. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2) tool is used to assess the methodological quality. Results: A total of 3,864 records were identified, of which 15 trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. Findings indicate that family engagement in substance use treatment leads to favorable outcomes, including substance use reduction and improvements in family functioning, with 11 studies demonstrating significant positive effects of family-based interventions. Conclusions: This review suggests that involving family members in treatment reduces substance use and improves family functioning. However, further high-quality RCTs are necessary to strengthen these conclusions and provide more definitive evidence.