Family supportive supervisor behavior and work–life balance policy as predictors of employee voice behavior: the mediating role of employee well-being

Abstract

This study investigates how Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior (FSSB) and Work–Life Balance (WLB) Policy function as critical job resources that shape employee voice behavior through employee well-being in a high-demand state-owned maritime organization in Indonesia. Using a quantitative explanatory design and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), data were collected from 127 permanent employees with at least 1 year of tenure. The results indicate that both FSSB and WLB Policy significantly enhance employee well-being, which in turn promotes employee voice behavior. Employee well-being emerges as a robust psychological mechanism, confirming its mediating role within the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework. These findings extend the JD-R literature by demonstrating that well-being is not merely an outcome of job resources but also a motivational pathway that enables employees to engage in voice behaviors under demanding work conditions. In the context of this study, the JD-R framework applies to an underexplored state-owned maritime setting. Practically, the results underscore the importance of strengthening supervisory support and implementing genuinely supportive work–life balance policies to enhance employee well-being. This fosters a culture where employees are empowered to actively express ideas and feedback, which may, in turn, enhance organizational responsiveness and adaptability within the Indonesian state-owned maritime sector.