An Update on Species Diversity, Distribution and Sequence Data of Tulostoma in Asia with the Addition of Tulostoma exasperatum, A New Record for Thailand

Abstract

Members of the genus Tulostoma are commonly referred to as stalked puffballs that are known to be found in tropical and temperate regions. More than 155 species had been published worldwide, while 57 species had been reported in Asia. Herein, we present a brief review of the current findings through an overview of recently published literature involving taxonomic updates, diversity, distribution, and sequence data of Tulostoma in Asia. Moreover, two specimens of Tulostoma were collected during the period from 2021 to 2022 in northern Thailand. These two specimens were identified as T. exasperatum based on morphological characteristics. Till today, no sequence data of this species have been recorded. The present study offers the first record of T. exasperatum in Thailand along with the phylogenetic placement of this species within the genus Tulostoma. Comprehensive descriptions, photographic documentation, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided.