The interstellar C18O/C17O ratio in the solar neighbourhood: The ρ Ophiuchus cloud

Abstract

Observations of up to ten carbon monoxide (CO and isotopomers) transitions are presented to study the interstellar C18O/C17O ratio towards 21 positions in the nearby (d ∼ 140pc) low-mass star forming cloud ρ Oph. A map of the C18O J = 1-0 distribution of parts of the cloud is also shown. An average 12C18O/12C 17O isotopomeric ratio of 4.11 ± 0.14, reflecting the 18O/17O isotope ratio, is derived from Large Velocity Gradient (LVG) calculations. From LTE column densities we derive a ratio of 4. 17 ± 0.26. These calculations also show that the kinetic temperature decreases from about 30 K in the cloud envelope to about 10 K in the cloud cores. This decrease is accompanied by an increase of the average molecular hydrogen density from 104 cm-3 to ≳ 105 cm-3. Towards some lines of sight C18O optical depths reach values of order unity.