INTERACTIVE FLAT PANEL MEDIA TO ENHANCE MATHEMATICAL ABSTRACTION SKILLS IN ELEMENTARY STUDENTS

Abstract

Mathematical abstraction is an important skill that enables elementary school students to move from concrete understanding to symbolic reasoning. However, many students still have difficulty understanding abstract concepts, especially in the subject of perimeter and area of flat shapes. This difficulty arises because learning is still predominantly focused on memorizing formulas without giving students the opportunity to explore visual representations and cognitive activities that support the formation of mathematical generalizations. The use of Interactive Flat Panels (IFPs) offers a strategic alternative because this interactive digital media is capable of presenting animations, simulations, virtual manipulatives, and drag-and-drop activities that support students' transition from concrete objects to mathematical images and symbols. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group model to test the effectiveness of using Interactive Flat Panels in improving students' mathematical abstraction skills. The results show that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement compared to the control group. Statistical analysis using the t-test shows a significant difference in the posttest results of the two groups. In addition, classroom observations show that students who use the Interactive Flat Panel are more active, enthusiastic, and able to generalize the concepts of perimeter and area better with the help of digital visualization. These findings confirm that the Interactive Flat Panel is not only effective in improving the understanding of the concepts of perimeter and area of flat shapes, but also plays an important role in supporting the gradual development of mathematical abstraction skills in accordance with the cognitive development stage of students.