Characterization of Goat Production Systems in the Northern Dry Forest of Peru Using a Multivariate Analysis

Abstract

Goat farming is vital in rural communities, offering milk, meat, and financial stability, particularly in dry and resource-limited regions. This study examined goat production systems in northern Peru to explore their diversity and performance. Data from 284 farmers in Tumbes, Piura, and Lambayeque revealed two distinct systems: traditional systems, which rely on limited resources and basic practices; and modernized systems, which incorporate irrigation, improved breeding techniques, and better infrastructure. The modernized systems demonstrated higher productivity and stronger market connections, particularly in producing milk, cheese, and goat kids. In contrast, the traditional systems faced challenges such as limited access to water, outdated practices, and toxic plants. These findings emphasize the potential of modern technologies and improved management practices to boost productivity and livelihoods for rural families. Understanding these systems enables policymakers and organizations to create targeted strategies that enhance sustainability, promote innovation, and strengthen food security in northern Peru and similar regions globally.