Farmers Local Knowledge on Niche Selection, Management Strategies and Uses of Cordia africana Tree in Agroforestry Practices of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

In Ethiopia Cordia africana is one of the indigenous multipurpose tree species which is being endangered and suffering a lot from overexploitation. Agroforestry is taken as potential ecosystem for counteracting indigenous multipurpose trees species extinction through providing complementary habitat for such species. In Sidama zone of south Ethiopia, farmers deliberately integrate and manage C. africana tree by using their own indigenous knowledge for both its productive and protective functions. However, comprehensive study has not been undertaken to assess and document the local knowledge associated with C. africana tree. Thus, study was designed to assess local knowledge of farmers on niche selection, management practices and uses of C. africana tree in agroforestry practices of Sidama zone. To do so household survey, key informants’ interview and focus group discussions were undertaken to generate the necessary data. A total of 126 sample respondents were randomly selected based on wealth category. In addition to this, about 72 sample households were considered for tree inventory purpose. The inventory was done in the niches of Coffee-Enset tree based, Coffee tree based and Enset-tree based homegarden agroforestry practice. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results obtained from the study show that, mean number of stems of tree is found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in Enset- tree based niche of homegarden agroforestry followed by Coffee-tree based niche. The finding also shows that mean basal area of tree in Enset-tree based niche was significantly (p<0.05) higher of the remaining niches of agroforestry practices over both the midland and lowland agroecological zones. The commonly management practices employed for C. africana by the local farmers were branch pruning (80.6% and 73.2%), coppicing (32.2% and 42.8%) and pollarding (33.8% and 19.6%) in midland and lowland agroecology, respectively. Farmers also have profound knowledge on uses of C. africana tree. From the reported uses; timber production, soil improvement, household utensils, shade and cash generation are the major ones as these could be also vary over age, size and parts of the species to be used. Finally, the study has suggested that, for a conclusive recommendation the effect of C. africana tree on coffee-Enset yield and yield component needs to be further investigated.