Comparative Approach of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Restrictions in Controlled Airspaces

Abstract

Recent public discourse regarding unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) usage and regulation is focused around public privacy and safety. Most authorities have employed key guidelines and licensing procedures for piloting UAVs, however there is marginal consensus amongst regulators and a limited view towards unified procedures. This paper aims to analyze the key challenges that affect the use of UAVs and to determine if the current rules address those challenges. For this purpose: privacy, safety, security, public nuisance and trespass are tested. A set of criteria are developed to perform a comparative analysis against the existing UAV regulations to determine how they are meeting the specified criteria. Within this framework, five countries are selected: Australia, Canada, European Union (EU), United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA), with usage data and length of time between regulatory reviews ensuring any analysis is realized on updated protocols. The regulations of each country are then compared against the developed criteria. The findings show there are shortfalls with the majority of regulations failing to meet some criteria and the results confirm that key issues fail to be addressed. Finally, recommendations are suggested for filling the gaps in the regulations.