Efecto del 1-metilciclopropeno en la maduración de mango ataulfo en condición simulada para exportación a Europa

Abstract

This work evalated the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the ripening process and quality of mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) var. Ataulfo stored for 20 d at 13 °C and 5 d at 25 °C to simulate shipping and distribution conditions in Europe. This research generated knowledge about the effect of 1-MCP on ethylene metabolism, and provided information on the conditions of application of 1-MCP on this mango variety. Fruits with and without hydrothermal treatment (CH and SH, respectively) were treated with 1-MCP (300, 600, and 1000 nL L-1). Respiration rate (RR), ethylene production rate (EPR), content of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), ACC oxidase activity, transcript levels (ETR1 and ACO), as well as physical and chemical variables were monitored. The highest RR was 129.12 and 129.37 mL CO2 kg-1 h-1 at days 1 and 4 at 25 °C, respectively for SH and CH control fruits; while EPR was 0.15 and 0.23 μL kg-1 h-1. RR decreased in fruits treated with 1-MCP (86.17 mL CO2 kg-1 h-1), as well as EPR (0.13 μL kg-1 h-1), ACC oxidase activity and the expression of ETR1 and ACO genes, after transfer to 25 °C (4 to 5 d). In CH fruits treated with 1-MCP these changes were not observed. SH mangoes treated with 1000 nL L-1, maintained physical and chemical characteristics of normal ripening for 5 d at 25 °C, and after 20 d at 13 °C. It was concluded that 1-MCP application at 1000 nL L-1 for 24 h at 20 °C and posterior storage during 20 d at 13 °C could aid in transportation of Ataulfo mangoes to distant markets where the hydrothermal treatment is not required.