Explicit fiber modeling and experimental study of splitting tensile strength in self-compacting concrete with hooked-end steel fibers

Abstract

This study investigates the mechanical performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) reinforced with hooked-end steel fibers, with a focus on splitting tensile strength and post-crack behavior at varying fiber volume fractions (0%, 0.25%, and 0.5%). Fresh properties, assessed through slump flow and J-ring tests, confirmed excellent flowability. Hardened properties revealed an 8.6% increase in splitting tensile capacity at 0.5% fiber content, transitioning the failure mode from brittle fracture to distributed cracking. A finite element modeling (FEM) framework was developed in ABAQUS, extending the concrete damage plasticity model to explicitly incorporate fiber characteristics. The modeling framework utilized a Python-based algorithm to automate fiber distribution, orientation, meshing, and embedding, ensuring realistic fiber-matrix interactions without intersections. Numerical simulations demonstrated strong alignment with experimental results, capturing tensile behavior and failure patterns with deviations below 3%. This robust and efficient framework bridges experimental observations and computational modeling, establishing a robust foundation for advancing fiber-reinforced SCC in structural applications.