Planetary Health in Health Guidelines and Health Technology Assessments: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Planetary Health is rarely integrated into health guidelines and HTAs; only four guidelines and no HTAs explicitly considered it during the guideline development process. Existing work focuses entirely on GHG emissions, with limited attention paid to other planetary boundary outcomes, such as pollution, freshwater change, and biodiversity. Methodological approaches are inconsistent; only one guideline used GRADE, and guideline panels rarely included planetary health or related field experts. There is an urgent need for standardized frameworks and guidance to systematically incorporate planetary health into future guidelines and HTAs.