Effective Overall Glycaemic Control with Fast-Acting Insulin Aspart Across Patients with Different Baseline Characteristics: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Onset 9 Trial

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of fast-acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) compared with insulin aspart (IAsp) in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) across different subgroups. Methods: We report on a post hoc analysis of onset 9, a 16-week trial of participants with T2D randomised to faster aspart (n = 546) or IAsp (n = 545). Participants were grouped by baseline HbA1c (< 7.0%, ≥ 7.0%), meal test bolus insulin dose (≤ 10 units [U], > 10 U to ≤ 20 U, > 20 U), body mass index (< 30 kg/m2, ≥ 30 to < 35 kg/m2, ≥ 35 kg/m2), and age (< 65 years, ≥ 65 years). Outcomes assessed were change from baseline in HbA1c and in 1-h postprandial glucose (PPG) increment, and severe or blood glucose (BG)-confirmed hypoglycaemia. Results: Faster aspart provided reductions in HbA1c comparable to IAsp across all subgroups, with improved 1-h PPG control compared with IAsp in several subgroups. Faster aspart had comparable or improved rates of severe or BG-confirmed hypoglycaemia versus IAsp, particularly in participants with good glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%), the elderly (≥ 65 years old), and those with insulin resistance (> 20 U meal test bolus insulin dose). Conclusions: Faster aspart provides effective overall glycaemic control, with improved early PPG control compared with IAsp across a range of patient characteristics. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03268005.