Kesiapan pulang Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner Melalui Penerapan Discharge Planning

Abstract

AbstrakPenyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) adalah suatu bentuk gangguan pembuluh darah koroner yang termasuk dalam ketegoriarterosklerosis. Ketidaksiapan pasien PJK pulang dari rumah sakit akan berdampak terhadap rawatan ulang sebagai akibat daripelaksanaan program discharge planning yang belum efektif selama dirawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhpenerapan discharge planning terhadap kesiapan pulang pasien penyakit jantung koroner. Penelitian ini menggunakandesain quasi experiment dengan pendekatan non-equivalent post test only control group design. Jumlah sampel 32 orang yangterbagi atas 16 orang kelompok kontrol dan 16 orang kelompok intervensi dan dilakukan di tiga rumah sakit di Kota Bukittinggi.Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya pengaruh penerapan discharge planning terhadap kesiapan pulang pasien penyakit jantungkoroner yang terdiri dari status personal, pengetahuan, kemampuan koping, dan dukungan (p= 0,001; α= 0,05). Penelitian inimerekomendasikan discharge planning yang baik dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas asuhan keperawatan dan kualitashidup pasien penyakit jantung koroner.Kata Kunci: discharge planning, kesiapan pulang, penyakit jantung koronerAbstractCoronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a form of blood vessel disorder that belongs to the category of coronary atherosclerosis. Anunreadiness of patients with CHD to go home from the hospital will have an impact on readmission as a result of ineffectivedischarge planning program during hospitalized. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the implementation ofdischarge planning program on the readiness to be discharged from the hospital. A quasi experiment with non-equivalent posttest only control group design was employed. The participant of the study was 32 respondents devided into control andintervention groups, each had 16 respondents who were taken from three hospitals in Bukittingi. The result showed thatdischarge planning program has significance influence on patient’s perception of their readiness to be discharged from thehospital, it consisting of personal status, knowledge, coping ability, and support (p= 0.001; α= 0.05). This study recommendsthat a good discharge planning program can be implemented to improve the quality of nursing care, to reduce the risk ofreadmission to the hospital and the quality of life of patients with coronary heart diseases.Keywords: coronary heart disease, discharge planning, readiness to be discharged