Public Risk Perception and Risk Communication of Typhoon Disaster

  • Shang Z
  • Li L
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Abstract

Public risk perception is the basis for effective natural disaster risk communication, and the latter can strongly influence the former. Take typhoon disaster as an example, this paper constructs the theory model of 12 factors affecting risk perception from three dimensions by public individual characteristics, risk situational characteristics, risk communication efficiency, which influence the input, output and transmission of risk information. Then the theory was applied in typhoon disaster in Zhanjiang city, and it comes out that the theory is reliable. Finally, the contents of typhoon disaster risk perception capacity construction were given in this paper as risk communication capacity building, special platform construction and cultural environment of risk communication, which is the only way for effective risk communication. 公众台风灾害风险认知与风险沟通探讨 尚志海,李丽苹 岭南师范学院地理系,广东 湛江 524048 摘 要:公众灾害风险认知是自然灾害风险沟通的基础,风险沟通又强烈地影响着风险认知。以台风灾害 为例,首先构建了自然灾害风险认知影响因素的理论体系,从风险信息的输入、输出和传播三个方面,提 出公众个体属性、风险情景特征及风险沟通效率 3 个维度的 12 个影响因素。接着,将灾害风险认知影响因 素的理论应用于湛江市台风灾害实践中加以检验,研究结果验证了理论的可靠性。最后,提出有效风险沟 通是提升公众风险认知能力的唯一路径,通过政府风险沟通能力、风险沟通专门平台和风险沟通文化环境 建设来实现有效风险沟通。 关键词:风险认知;风险沟通;台风灾害 《2015~2030 年仙台减少灾害风险框架》提出, 为实现仙台框架的预期成果和目标,第一个优先领 域是理解灾害风险,其中就包括风险沟通与交流 [1] 。 自然灾害风险沟通是灾害风险利益相关者之间的交 流工具,风险沟通的基础是了解公众风险认知 [2,3] 。 以往的经验显示, 无论风险评估技术和结果多精细, 它本身也不大可能引发公众主动参与减灾行动 [4] 。 一般来说,高水平的风险认知才会激发人们采取风 险管理措施 [5,6] 。自然灾害风险沟通对公众风险认知 有着直接的影响,风险沟通方式不当,很容易导致 公众产生认知上的偏差 [7] 。 从 20 世纪 60 年代开始,西方学者就进行了灾 害风险认知研究 [11] ,探讨了公众风险认知的影响因 素 [8-10] ,并进行了滑坡、洪水、地震、台风灾害风

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APA

Shang, Z., & Li, L. (2016). Public Risk Perception and Risk Communication of Typhoon Disaster. Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 6(4), 213. https://doi.org/10.2991/jrarc.2016.6.4.6

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