Exploring the Influence of Physiotherapeutic Interventions in Alleviating Clinical and Psychosocial Symptoms in Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy—A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Cervical radiculopathy is a painful condition affecting the upper extremities, including the shoulder girdle, characterised by pain, disability, and limited range of motion. Common in individuals in their fifties, its annual incidence is 83 per 100,000 people. Psychosocial factors such as anxiety, depression, and fear avoidance further influence its severity and impact. Modern musculoskeletal issues, such as prolonged computer use and poor posture, also contribute to cervical problems. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions on clinical and psychosocial outcomes in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Design: Systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42025614571). Methods: Literature was sourced from PubMed and Google Scholar. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened based on inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the 11-point PEDro scale, and risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Results: A total of 49 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that physiotherapy interventions—such as exercise therapy, manual therapy, and electrotherapy—significantly reduce pain, enhance range of motion, and improve functional capacity. These interventions also positively impact psychosocial outcomes by reducing anxiety, depression, and fear avoidance. However, evidence comparing their effectiveness against standard rehabilitation remains inconclusive. Conclusion: This review highlights the beneficial effects of physiotherapy interventions on both clinical and psychosocial health in cervical radiculopathy patients. They contribute to improved pain management, mobility, function, and mental well-being. Further studies are needed to validate long-term outcomes and establish superiority over conventional treatments.