Immune Response to Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in Patients with Infection and Hyperinfection

Abstract

Helminthic infections are known to induce host immune responses and polarization. The ubiquitous Strongyloides stercoralis can remain relatively asymptomatic in the host for decades, until there is a change in the host immune balance. Factors that influence these changes range from immunosuppressives, including corticosteroids, to acquired viral infections, such as HTLV-1. These conditions play an important role in the progression of disease for strongyloidiasis. The alteration of the Th-1, Th-2 balance can induce hyperinfection and dissemination of these helminths, changing a minor clinical process to a life-threatening condition.