Bio-cycle: Implementation of Bio-Industry in Farmers' Level for Sustainable Agriculture Development

Abstract

Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture in 2013 launched agricultural bio-industry policy for sustainable development, which is targeted in 2045. Bio-industry as the agricultural policy is interesting since bio-industry commonly associated and practiced by giant industry or a multinational corporation. Its contrasts with Indonesian condition, which the farmers only have a small land or even land-less. As a solution, AIAT Central Java developed a bio-cycle approach that accorded to the bio-industry concept and suitable under small farmers' circumstances. The bio-cycle model was developed from the previous integrated crop-livestock systems approach. The approach was based on the following principles, i.e. (1) reduce biomass loss and external input by using all of the agro biomass as feedstock, (2) reuse residual biomass and processed waste and (3) recycling final products, waste products, and processed products. The bio-cycle approach has been implemented in Central Java Province, both in irrigated and in high land areas since 2015. The implementation of the bio-cycle approach under farmers' circumstances was promising. Aside from the increasing of farmer's income and farming efficiency, it is possible to develop sustainable bioenergy in rural areas through the implementation of this approach.