Analysis of the potential of cupuaçu husks (Theobroma grandiflorum) as raw material for the synthesis of bioproducts and energy generation

Abstract

Lignocellulosic waste is a valuable source of energy, fuels, and raw materials for the chemical industry. In this study, the potential of cupuaçu husks, derivative from a typical fruit of the Brazilian Amazon, was evaluated. Therefore, biomass was submitted to acid hydrolysis and pyrolysis, and the contents of sugars, by-products, bio-oil compounds, and bio-oil theoretical energy potential were determined. X-ray diffraction, High performance liquid chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyzes were used. The hydrolysate has considerable sugar levels (31.7%) and presence of relevant by-products including furfural, levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural. Bio-oil contained a variety of phenolic compounds, and its theoretical energy potential suggested usability of cupuaçu husks for energy generation. Economic analysis showed that commercialization of bioproducts obtained by biomass hydrolysis and pyrolysis could be highly profitable. These outcomes indicate a range of applications for cupuaçu husks in biorefinery processes and potential to promote sustainability and social development.