Anxiety and depression in patients with peripheral arterial disease admitted to a tertiary hospital

Abstract

Background: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent neuropsychiatric conditions and are associated with chronic diseases, pain, loss of autonomy, dependence on others to perform routine activities, and loneliness. Depression often has a cause-and-effect relationship with other diseases, such as: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Objectives: To estimate the frequency of anxiety and depression in patients of both sexes with PAD admitted to a tertiary hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a non-random sample selected consecutively. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was used to assess PAD. Results: The prevalence of anxiety in these patients was 24.4%, with associations between anxiety and monthly family income, smoking, and SAH. The prevalence of depression was 27.6%, with associations between depression and the female gender, being married or in a stable relationship, living on a family income of one minimum wage or less, not being an alcoholic, and having hypertension. Conclusions: There are high prevalence rates of anxiety and depressive disorders among patients with PAD, which are underdiagnosed and, hence, not properly treated.