Supported Employment for People with Developmental Disabilities During COVID: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected global employment landscapes, disproportionately impacting individuals with developmental disabilities (DD). Objective: This scoping review investigates the pandemic's effects on supported employment for individuals with DD, focusing on job loss, remote work accessibility, and the effectiveness of supported employment initiatives. Methods: Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search from December 2019 to November 2023. We included 11 articles in our review. Results: The review highlighted three primary themes. First, individuals with DD experienced significant challenges in accessing remote work opportunities, which affected their employment stability during the pandemic. Second, despite severe job disruptions, these individuals demonstrated resilience, with supported employment and workplace adjustments playing a crucial role in maintaining employment for many. Third, the findings emphasize the importance of universal design (UD) in fostering inclusive work environments that accommodate the diverse needs of all employees, particularly those with disabilities. Conclusion: The findings stress the need for targeted interventions to bridge the gap in remote work opportunities for individuals with DD. Future practices should focus on enhancing workforce inclusivity through robust education, training, and the implementation of UD principles.