Die Umweltverträglichkeit von Deponieemissionen unter dem Aspekt der Nachsorgedauer

Abstract

Summary: Landfills need management even after the deposition of waste has stopped, in order to prevent harm to people and damage to the environment. The intensity of the necessary management strategy differs according to type of waste and emissions, technical barriers and the environment of the particular site. Modelling the emissions from deposited waste therefore forms an important element in the assessment of aftercare durations. This report describes and discusses the environmental compatibility of the emission behaviour of domestic waste as well as of slag and construction-waste landfills. While environmentallly critical parameters differ according to type of landfill, factors of general importance are organic carbon, nitrogen (mainly ammonium) and readily soluble salts in leachate. Heavy metals may in rare circumstances constitute a problem in leachate. The emission curve and the present state of a particular landfill site are used as a basis for determining future potentials of substances likely to be emitted from the deposited waste. These assessments, together with the estimated long-term effect of technical barriers and the sensibility of the environmental systems concerned, form the basis for determining the environmental compatibility of a closed landfill site. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.