Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Building Materials

Abstract

This paper reviews the role of artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on machine learning (ML) and tools like ChatGPT, in advancing sustainable building materials. As the construction industry seeks to reduce its environmental footprint, AI offers innovative methods for discovering low-carbon alternatives, optimizing material composition, and designing bio-inspired structures. A narrative literature review was conducted, synthesizing peer-reviewed publications from 2014 to 2024. The findings are categorized into three main areas: low-carbon material discovery, ML-based material optimization, and generative AI for bio-inspired design. Results show that AI technologies significantly contribute to improving sustainability and performance while identifying key barriers such as high computational costs, limited interdisciplinary collaboration, and slow industry adoption. The paper concludes that while AI shows strong potential, further research and institutional support are essential for widespread implementation.