Fungal peritonitis secondary to Aspergillosis in a peritoneal dialysis patient

Abstract

Fungal peritonitis remains a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis that carries a high morbidity and mortality. Most cases of fungal infections are due to Candida species; however few cases are seen in the setting of non-Candida such Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Mucor. Prompt peritoneal dialysis catheter removal and early anti-fungal treatment have been considered as best strategies to improve survival. We present a rare case of a 27-year-old male with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis on peritoneal dialysis (PD) presented to the hospital recurrent episodes of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and cloudy output from his peritoneal catheter. He was found to have fungal peritonitis secondary to Aspergillosis Fumigatus. This report highlights that fungal peritonitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with prolonged antibiotic use, recent bacterial peritonitis, and recent hospitalization. The speciation of Aspergillosis Fumigatus carries a rare incidence in this population and voriconazole is the mainstay treatment.