Air Pollution Impact Assessment of Gresik Industrial Area (KIG) Based on Neighborhood Community in Gresik District

Abstract

Gresik Industrial Area (Kawasan Industri Gresik-KIG) established at 1972, which was marked by the establishment of PT Petrokimia Gresik, as the third oldest industrial area in Indonesia. There are about 30 factories of chemical fertiliser factory, food and beverage factories, packaging factories and smelter and refinery. The industrial sector is the sector that contributes more than 50% of the PDRB in Gresik from the whole sector in 2016. Unfortunately, the operational of KIG has adverse impacts to the environment. Based on air monitoring carried out routinely every year, there is an amount of NO2, SO2, dust and particle production, which is excessive according to environmental health standards-thus resulting unpleasant smell due to excessive production of NO2 and Ammonia, dust, smoke, several health problems such as respiratory problems, environmental allergies, and skin health problem. In 2017 the Gresik Health Service recorded 12,245 people affected by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (ISPA) triggered by industrial activities in Gresik. Therefore in this study, any impact will be evaluated from the industrial estate activities that have been felt by the neighbourhood community. According to the assessment of the local community, the perceived impact is; smoke, unpleasant smell, dust, changing ecosystem, causing disease, interfering with visibility, hot temperature, and reducing air freshness. The sub-districts that feel the most impact are Kebomas and Manyar sub-districts.