Research on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Active Ship Collision Avoidance Devices for Hydrodynamic High-Energy Beam Bridges under Relatively Optimum Deployment Conditions

Abstract

To address the limitations of existing bridge anti-ship collision devices, which cannot protect both ships and bridges, this study introduced a hydraulic high-energy beam for inland navigation safety. Using a bridge as the technical basis and a typical ship in a navigable river section as the research object, the reasonable deployment angle of the device was investigated and the optimal jet ratio of the device R (the ratio of the high-energy beam jet to the mainstream flow velocity) was clarified through combined numerical simulations and a generalized model test. The ship’s motion response state was subsequently validated when the device was reasonably deployed. The results showed that the reasonable deployment angles of the device were 0°, 15°, and 30°. R = 4 served as the optimal jet ratio. Furthermore, the peak value of turbulence intensity in the Y direction was noticeably smaller than in the other three groups, with a stable change. The coordinate error of the key positions in the numerical simulations and generalized model test of ship motion response was less than 10%, the maximum error of the transverse coordinate of the deflection position was −9.8% and the maximum error of the longitudinal coordinate was −7.0%. The maximum error of the transverse coordinate of the maximum deflection position was −6.8% and the maximum error of the longitudinal coordinate was 3.7%. The numerical simulations and generalized model tests of ship motion response fit well.