Comprendre la dynamique des communautés mycorhiziennes lors des successions végétales. Première partie: Méthodes d’étude, caractérisations et fonctionnement (revue bibliographique)

Abstract

In a natural environment, major disturbances cause the destruction of the vegetation as well as of soil microorganisms such as mycorrhizal fungi. Plant and mycorrhizal fungus communities are independent and so it is important to understand the dynamics of mycorrhizal communities during the stages in plant colonisation successions that generate a forest canopy. These successions go along with an increase in the wealth of species and the diversity of the mycorrhizal community through the gradual establishment of late-stage fungi and the decrease in the number of multi-stage fungi. Plant-fungus interactions become specialised as the plant succession runs its course or as the population ages. These dynamics of mycorrhizal communities can be explained by differences in the life history traits between species of fungi, but also by a change in the characteristics of the plant community and the soil over time.