Prognostic factors and survival of patients with endometrial cancer: A 10-year retrospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center in Northern Taiwan

Abstract

Objectives: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a gynecological malignancy with diverse clinical presentations and prognoses. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize EC by examining patient demographics, disease characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes at a medical center in Northern Taiwan. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 141 patients with EC who underwent a hysterectomy-based surgical intervention between January 2011 and January 2020. Excluding patients without complete data, the information gathered included demographics, clinical history, laboratory results, pathological details, and surgical information. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square and Kaplan–Meier methods. Notable factors influencing cancer mortality were investigated using Cox regression analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: The data included the mean age (57.55 years), body mass index (25.77 kg/m2), tumor size (40.87 mm), disease factors (diabetes, 16.31%; hypertension, 36.88%; and smoking, 0.71%), and predominant stage 1 patients (75.18%). The treatments included chemotherapy (21.99%) and radiotherapy (65.25%). The 5-year PFS and OS were 70.8% and 86%, respectively. Total lymph node number (hazard ratio HR = 1.05, P < 0.001) significantly affected PFS. Significant influences of age (HR = 1.19, P = 0.004), open surgery (HR = 6.60, P = 0.02), cervical stroma invasion (HR = 21.07, P = 0.007), and recurrence (HR = 8.90, P = 0.012) on OS. Conclusion: This study provided a comprehensive understanding of EC and emphasized the interplay between clinical and pathological factors of the disease.