Results of a total aortic arch replacement for an acute aortic arch dissection

Abstract

Objectives: Recently, the immediate results of a surgical repair for an acute aortic arch dissection have dramatically improved. However, a total aortic arch replacement is recommended in a limited number of patients with an intimal tear located in the aortic arch. We have performed a total aortic arch replacement for all such patients with an acute aortic arch dissection since September 1995. Methods: During the past 4 years, 27 consecutive patients who had an aortic arch dissection underwent a total aortic arch replacement. Twenty-five patients underwent an emergency operation. In 5 patients the intimal tear was located in the aortic arch, but in the rest of the patients, it was located in the ascending aorta or the proximal descending aorta. To obliterate any false channels, gelatin-resorcin-formol glue was used. Results: The hospital mortality was 11%, and no cerebral complications were observed. Postoperative aortography and computed tomography showed no evidence of any persisting false channels in 15 patients (65%). During the follow-up period (ranging from 5 months to 4 years), two patients underwent a reoperation because of the recurrence of a dissection at the sinus of Valsalva. All patients, except for one who died after a reoperation, are still alive and free from any serious events at this writing. Conclusions: Resecting both the ascending and transverse aorta, irrespective of whether the intimal tear is located in the aortic arch, may be an acceptable alternative at experienced centers because of its low mortality and good midterm results.