Pengaruh Berbagai Pembenah Tanah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Populasi Tanaman Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa, L) Varietas Dendang Di Tanah Salin Sawah Bukaan Baru

Abstract

This article reports on the development and admin istration of the Academic Listening Self-rating Questionnaire (ALSA). The ALSA was developed on the basis of a proposed model of academic listening comprising six related components. The re searchers operationalized the model, subjected items to iterative rounds of content analysis, and administered the finalized questionnaire to inter- national ESL (English as a second language) students in Malaysian and Australian universities. Structural equation modeling and rating scale modeling of data pr ovided content-related, substan- tive, and structural validity evidence for the inst rument. The researchers explain the utility of the questionnaire for educational and assessment purposes.