Smoking of tobacco is the cause of human lung cancer

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to re-evaluate the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. Methods: In order to clarify the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer, a review and meta-analysis of appropriate studies with a total sample size of n = 48393 was conducted. The p-value was set to p < 0,05. Results: It was not possible to reject the null-hypothesis H0: without smoking no lung cancer. Furthermore, the null-hypothesis H0: No causal relationship between smoking and lung cancer was rejected. Conclusions: Compared to the results from previous studies, the results of this study confirm previously published results. According the results of this study, without smoking no lung cancer. Smoking is the cause of lung cancer. Keywords: Smoking, lung cancer, causal relationship