Spatiotemporal Distribution Pattern and Spatial Clustering of Landslide-and Flood-Prone Areas in Metropolitan Palapa, Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid development of urban areas is one of the driving factors for hazard exposure which causes vulnerability and environmental degradation. Environmental degradation causes vulnerability to disasters which will have implications for a decrease in economic benefits and an increase in community poverty. Landslides and floods are frequent natural disasters that cause environmental degradation. To reduce the risk of landslides and floods and formulate development policies and strategies in disaster-prone areas is necessary to identify landslides and flood areas. This study aims to identify and detect areas prone to landslides and floods in Metropolitan Palapa using GIS analysis and Moran's Local Index based on LISA statistics. The analysis results show that the northern to northeastern areas of Metropolitan Palapa (Pariaman regency and Pariaman municipal) are areas with high vulnerability to landslides, with high positive spatial associations of landslide occurrence and intensity. The area has an altitude between 350 to >1100 above sea level and a slope between 15 to >45%. Meanwhile, Padang and Pariaman municipal are areas that are vulnerable to flood hazards, and this is because these areas are lowlands/coastal areas. We can implement strategies and policies for the Palapa Metropolitan area, including a) limiting development in the northern region, b) applying engineering to areas prone to landslides by applying cut and fill techniques, c) improvement of drainage systems in areas prone to flooding; d) increase public awareness to care and provide incentives to people who care about the environment. Appropriate strategies and policies will reduce environmental degradation. We required disaster-based development planning to reduce environmental degradation, but the data is often an obstacle.