Insuficiencia ovárica prematura: una revisión

Abstract

Premature ovarian insufficiency is characterized by primary or secondary amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism and elevated levels of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), which affects 1 in 100 women under 40 years. Its etiology is multifactorial, however, only in some patients can be set a particular cause, including: metabolic, environmental, autoimmune, genetic and iatrogenic, being idiopathic more than 90% of the cases. Some of the genetic causes that can be seen are the X chromosome alterations and mutations in candidate genes that regulate follicular development. Treatment should be multidisciplinary, focusing particularly on hormone replacement therapy and prevention of complications of early menopause. Genetic counseling is important for to make timely decisions, particularly in those patients who still have a chance to get a pregnancy.