Physical Activity, Bone Remodelling and Bone Metabolism Markers

Abstract

Sedentary lifestyle is associated with detrimental health effects on bone. Risk of fracture and lower bone mineral density (BMD) are increased among people with lower physical activity level. The onset of osteoporosis does not occur immediately. Instead, it slowly progresses throughout the years. The ideal approach and easier way to prevent or delay the onset of osteoporosis should focus on changing one’s lifestyle by including higher amount of physical activity. Exercise or higher amount of physical activity helps to impose mechanical strain on the bone, and stimulate bone metabolism process. However, different exercise mode might impose different effect on bone metabolism. This review paper will focus on bone remodelling, bone formation and resorption markers, and effects of physical activity or exercise on bone metabolism markers. Keywords: Bone Health; Bone Metabolism; Physical Activity; Exercise;