Europe. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.

Abstract

The frequency and magnitude of river floods have changed in the past several decades with high regional variations (high confidence). Anthropogenic climate change has increased the likelihood of extreme precipitation events and the associated increase in the frequency and magnitude of river floods (high confidence). There is high confidence that the warming in the last 40–60 years has led to a maximum of 10 days earlier spring floods per decade, shifts in timing and magnitude of ice-jam floods and changes in frequency and magnitude of snowmelt floods