A Systematic Literature Review of Development Rural Tourism

Abstract

Rural tourism development is increasingly implemented by a lot of countries. By involving the community this kind of tourism is able to improve rural areas economy and earnings of villagers. This paper aims to examine studies on rural tourism clusters with the basis of Community Based Tourism in many countries. It is a systematic literature review whose data collection was carried from Google Scholar and Scopus data base and collecting journal article papers published within 2010-2020. Of that search, 70 articles which have similar themes to the present study were obtained. To process the literature, VOS viewer software was utilized to analyze and visualize the data. Findings showed that there are three big themes of rural tourism study. Upon the three clusters, it is recognizable that studies focusing on rural tourism, rural tourism cluster, and community based tourism have been conducted partially. However, there has been no study that combines two concepts of cluster and community based tourism simultaneously. From the results of the literature review, it was found that the development of rural tourism using a cluster approach or community based tourism has been proven to be successful in improving the rural economy. In addition, studies on rural tourism were mostly done during 2014-2018, while after these periods there was none. According to the findings, gaps in study of the implementation of two approaches, namely cluster and Community Based Tourism are widely open to be studied.