A state-of-the-art review of distribution-of-practice effects on L2 learning

Abstract

The purpose of this state-of-the-art review is to provide a general overview of recent research on time distribution and second language (L2) learning with special implications for classroom settings. Several studies have been per-formed to examine how to best distribute the hours of L2 practice to maximize learning by comparing conditions that promote intensive exposure versus oth-ers in which L2 input or instruction is more widely spaced. Findings from these studies are relevant not only for practical purposes but also for theory develop-ment. This review provides a summary of recent studies as well as suggestions for pedagogical practice. Additionally, it identifies areas for future research con-cerning the effect of time distribution on L2 learning.