Low level aflatoxin exposure associated with greater linear growth in southern Mexico: A longitudinal study

Abstract

Aflatoxins are a group of naturally occurring mycotoxins, which can lead to death and are a known cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. AF exposure has been hypothesised to lead to stunted growth in children, but separating the AF effect from other determinants of linear growth retardation is difficult. The study used secondary data from an efficacy trial conducted in young children in southern Mexico to test the comparative efficacy of a milk-based multiple micronutrient-fortified food, a multiple micronutrient syrup, or a multiple micronutrient powder. The effect of serum AFB 1 -lysine adduct level on incremental growth was tested using a longitudinal mixed model, controlling for key individual, maternal, and household-level covariates. AFB 1 -lysine adduct was detectable in all but 2 of the 347 children in the study (median exposure: 0.82 pg/mg albumin). AF exposure was associated (p