The Effect of Bank-Specific Factors on the Profitability of Conventional Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

  • Maharanie K
  • Nur Waliyah D
  • Leon F
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), bank size, and Cost to Income Ratio (CIR) on the profitability of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020–2024. Profitability is measured using Return on Equity (ROE). This study uses secondary data obtained from the annual reports of 41 conventional banks selected through purposive sampling. The analysis method used is panel data regression with the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) approach using E-Views. The results show that bank size has a positive effect on ROE, while NPL and CIR have a negative effect on ROE. Meanwhile, CAR has no significant effect on bank profitability. These findings indicate that operational efficiency and control of non-performing loans are key factors in improving bank profitability. This study has implications for bank management to improve cost efficiency, maintain credit quality, and optimize asset utilization in order to improve profitability performancePenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), ukuran bank, dan Cost to Income Ratio (CIR) terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020–2024. Profitabilitas diukur menggunakan Return on Equity (ROE). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan tahunan 41 bank konvensional dengan total 205 observasi yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effects Model (FEM) menggunakan E-Views. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran bank berpengaruh positif terhadap ROE, sedangkan NPL dan CIR berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROE. Sementara itu, CAR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi operasional dan pengendalian kredit bermasalah menjadi faktor utama dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas bank. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi manajemen bank untuk meningkatkan efisiensi biaya, menjaga kualitas kredit, serta mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan aset dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja profitabilitas.

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APA

Maharanie, K. P., Nur Waliyah, D., & Leon, F. M. (2026). The Effect of Bank-Specific Factors on the Profitability of Conventional Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Dialektika : Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Ilmu Sosial, 11(1), 148–161. https://doi.org/10.36636/dialektika.v11i1.8542

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