MARINE SECURITY MODEL TO PREVENT CRIMINAL ACTS IN ACEH

Abstract

Geographically, Indonesia occupies a strategically significant position at the crossroads of two oceans and two continents. Consequently, Indonesia's maritime territory has become a crucial maritime route for global trade and national and international shipping traffic. However, it is also highly vulnerable to maritime crimes, particularly in the Aceh region. Regarding maritime security in Indonesia, multiple agencies hold responsibilities in the security sector, with each agency operating under its legal framework defining its duties, functions, and authority. This research aims to elucidate the maritime security model of Aceh to prevent criminal acts at sea. This research employed normative and empirical juridical approaches. Research data consisted of primary and secondary data. The research findings reveal that Aceh is currently situated within the state border with other countries, directly accessible via sea routes. This situation requires special attention from the Central Government for several reasons. Firstly, data from the past six years (2018-2023) indicate seven recorded maritime crime cases occurring within the legal jurisdiction of Lhokseumawe City. Additionally, East Aceh has witnessed eleven criminal cases at sea, including acts of narcotics smuggling, goods smuggling, and human trafficking. In Sabang, seven cases have been reported, encompassing fisheries crimes, shipping crimes, and immigration crimes. Therefore, this study proposes a maritime security model to prevent criminal acts in the Sea of Aceh, termed the “Triangle security system”. This model involves a maritime security triangle comprising the Police, especially Polairud as a fundamental institution, supported by other law enforcement officers such as TNI AL, Bakamla, BNN, Customs and Excise Department and Immigration. Moreover, active engagement of the local community is deemed essential. It is recommended for the government to pay more attention to the conditions of areas directly bordering sea routes, enabling regencies or cities to understand state border management strategies. Additionally, regional governments should prepare plans and budgets for cities or regencies to manage their territories independently.