Hybrid seed production in detergentinduced male sterile Helianthus annuus L.

Abstract

Efficacy of a synthetic detergent "Surf Excel" as a potential male gametocide in Helianthus annuus was evaluated. Foliar applications of three concentrations of "Surf Excel" solution (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0% w/v) at different plant development stages caused reduction in plant height, pollen fertility, total yield/ plant, 100-seed weight and brought about early flowering in comparison with control plants. All treatments with "Surf Excel" solution caused elongation of the style In floral buds resulting in protrusion of receptive stigmas from the buds, which facilitated cross-pollination by honeybees. The plants sprayed once with 1% "Surf Excel" solution exhibited protruded receptive stigmas and 99.87% pollen sterility along with Insignificant reduction in total yield in comparison with control plants.