Development of Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems in Colombia in Terms of Decree 1072: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Any occupational health and safety (osh) management system aims to control occupational hazards and risks and focuses on the prevention of accidents at work and occupational disease. The Colombian Ministry of Labor has established the mandatory nature of this systems by means of Decree 1072 of 2015, as well as the guidelines for their construction. The aim of this article is to evaluate the state of the art in the development and implementation of osh systems in Colombia. A search protocol was designed and the systematic review technique was used in the databases of university repositories. The criteria: descriptive studies, undergraduate work, Spanish language, and the manufacturing, construction, telecommunications, food, metalworking, transportation, education, and chemical sectors. The collection instrument was a documentary review matrix (Annex A), in which 98 studies were reviewed and 28 which met the requirements were selected. The results covered the larger number of cases in Bogotá, followed by Manizales and Cali. Years with an upward curve were 2018 (29%) and 2019 (43%); descriptive cross-sectional study types accounted for 86%, while mixed types accounted for 14%. The greatest compliance in the duties was found in the initial self-assessment of minimum standards and the identification of hazards and risks, with 89%, both of mandatory compliance according to title 4, chapter 6 of the Decree. The 28 Colombian companies which were analyzed have a 42% weighted average of compliance with the mandatory osh standards and duties, a degree of development considered to be critical.