Effect of inter-facial coupled contact forces in the multilayered pacemaker lead cable

Abstract

Wear in implanted cardiac lead may results in various failures, including in-appropriate or missing treatments. The coupled contact mode in the multilayered (1+6+12) pacemaker lead cable includes both lateral and radial contact. But, the effect of the coupled contact mode is not same as that of the effect of combination of both lateral and radial contact which when acting alone. The equations of equilibrium which were derived by Love's thin rod theory (1944) are considered to include geometric nomenclatures of the multilayered pacemaker lead cable produced by axial strain and rotational strain. A stiffness matrix is derived for the multilayered pacemaker lead cable elements which results in strand force, twisting moment, strand axial strain and rotational strain and the same are compared with the Costello's model.