The content and distribution of steryl ferulates in wheat produced in Japan

Abstract

Oryzanol contained in rice bran is a complex mixture of steryl ferulates (SFs) with many identified health benefits. Recently, SF has been shown to exist in other cereals such as wheat, rye, and corn. In this study, SFs in several wheats produced in Japan were analyzed. For instance, SF content of whole wheat grain, Yumekaori (Japan) was 15.2 ± 1.4 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g grain, while that of the imported one, 1CW (Canada) was 11.4 ± 1.3 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g grain. The main SF components in the examined wheats were campesteryl ferulate, campestanyl ferulate, and sitostanyl ferulate. SF distribution in whole wheat grain was investigated using 14 fractions produced by a conventional test milling machine. SF was intensively accumulated in the four bran fractions (24-95 mg-oryzanol-equivalent/100 g bran fraction). These results suggest that the wheat bran would be an important source of SF.