Extinção e estímulos independentes da resposta: Efeitos de relações de não-contingência sobre o comportamento

Abstract

Extinction and presentation of response-independent stimuli are two traditional procedures to suspend a response-consequence contingency. The goal of this review is to discuss some similarities and divergences in the behavioral effects of those procedures. Among the similarities, we found response-rate deceleration, stimulus control development, renewal, and increase in behavioral variability. Among the divergences, we observed the higher degree of response-rate deceleration, the occurrence of emotional responses and behavioral contrast effects under extinction; superstitious behavior and reinstatement under response-independent stimuli conditions. Such behavioral effects were discussed in light of the similarities (non-contingency) and differences (presence versus absence of reinforcing stimuli) in programming those conditions.