Non-contact multiple ring CSRR based planar microwave sensor for accurate quality estimation of water samples with varying TDS

Abstract

Water pollution and scarcity of pure drinking water is a current challenging problem. In this situation, quality monitoring of water is of vital importance in order to avoid any health issues caused due to intake of contaminated water. Hence, in this paper, a non-destructive technique using multiple ring CSRR based microwave sensor has been proposed for accurate estimation of relative permittivity of unknown water of varying TDS values. Further, a closed form numerical expression using the curve fitting technique has been developed in order to accurately estimate the quality of any unknown water sample. Less than 1% of error has been achieved in the prediction of relative permittivity and hence, TDS of unknown water sample. The proposed planar microwave sensor will be of great importance towards the real-time water quality monitoring systems development.