KARAKTERISTIK ENDAPAN TSUNAMI KRAKATAU 1883 DI DAERAH TARAHAN, LAMPUNG

Abstract

Our research location is situated at the south of Tarahan city, Lampung. This area has been drowned by tsunami waves that were generated by the eruption of Krakatau Volcano in 1883. This study is to understand the characteristics of the 1883 Krakatau tsunami deposit by observing the stratigraphic profile of 12 outcrops in the river overbanks and trenches, in 3 (three) transects. Laboratory analysis include grain size, microfauna (foraminifera and mollusk), and heavy mineral analysis. The identified tsunami deposit is a sand layer that mixed with shell and coral fragments. This sand layer is associated with pumice and volcanic ash layer, product of the 1883 Krakatau volcano eruption. The benthic foraminifera and mollusk content in the tsunami deposits show that the tsunami waves erode the sea floor sediments up to 30 to 40 meters depth. According to the outcrop observation and grain size analysis, there are four fining upward patterns can be observed in the tsunami deposit layer. This is indicates that at least four tsunami waves inundated the studied area. The vertical variation of heavy mineral shows the similar trend with the grain sizes. Keywords: